geth/crates/geth-auth/src/lib.rs

use geth_types::{AuthOpId, Capability, GroupId, PrincipalId, ResourceId, SecretId, UnixMillis};
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};

pub const AUTH_SIGNATURE_NAMESPACE: &str = "geth.auth-op.v1@geth.local";
pub const RESOURCE_GRANT_SIGNATURE_NAMESPACE: &str = "geth.resource-grant.v1@geth.local";
pub const REVOCATION_SIGNATURE_NAMESPACE: &str = "geth.revocation.v1@geth.local";

pub type SignedAuthOp = geth_codec::SignedEnvelope<AuthOp, PrincipalId>;

pub fn auth_signing_payload(op: &AuthOp) -> Result<Vec<u8>, geth_codec::CodecError> {
    geth_codec::signing_payload(AUTH_SIGNATURE_NAMESPACE, op)
}

pub fn auth_signing_payload_hash(
    op: &AuthOp,
) -> Result<geth_types::BlobHash, geth_codec::CodecError> {
    geth_codec::signing_payload_hash(AUTH_SIGNATURE_NAMESPACE, op)
}

#[must_use]
pub fn signed_auth_op(op: AuthOp, signer: PrincipalId, signature: Vec<u8>) -> SignedAuthOp {
    geth_codec::SignedEnvelope::new(AUTH_SIGNATURE_NAMESPACE, op, signer, signature)
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct AuthOp {
    pub id: AuthOpId,
    pub resource: ResourceId,
    pub created_at: UnixMillis,
    pub kind: AuthOpKind,
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[serde(tag = "kind", rename_all = "kebab-case")]
pub enum AuthOpKind {
    ResourceCreate,
    ResourceAuthoritySet {
        authority: ResourceId,
    },
    GrantCreate {
        grant_id: String,
        principal: PrincipalId,
        capabilities: Vec<Capability>,
    },
    GrantRevoke {
        grant_id: String,
    },
    BearerAccessCreate {
        secret: SecretId,
        capabilities: Vec<Capability>,
        expires_at: Option<UnixMillis>,
    },
    BearerAccessRevoke {
        secret: SecretId,
    },
    GroupCreate {
        group: GroupId,
    },
    GroupAddMember {
        group: GroupId,
        principal: PrincipalId,
    },
    GroupRemoveMember {
        group: GroupId,
        principal: PrincipalId,
    },
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct AuthView {
    pub resources: BTreeMap<ResourceId, ResourceAuthRecord>,
    pub grants: BTreeMap<String, GrantRecord>,
    pub groups: BTreeMap<GroupId, GroupRecord>,
    pub bearer_access: BTreeMap<SecretId, BearerAccessRecord>,
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct ResourceAuthRecord {
    pub id: ResourceId,
    pub authority: Option<ResourceId>,
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct GrantRecord {
    pub id: String,
    pub resource: ResourceId,
    pub principal: PrincipalId,
    pub capabilities: Vec<Capability>,
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct GroupRecord {
    pub id: GroupId,
    pub resource: ResourceId,
    pub members: Vec<PrincipalId>,
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct BearerAccessRecord {
    pub secret: SecretId,
    pub resource: ResourceId,
    pub capabilities: Vec<Capability>,
    pub expires_at: Option<UnixMillis>,
}

pub fn reduce_auth_ops(ops: &[AuthOp]) -> AuthView {
    let mut view = AuthView::default();
    let mut group_members = BTreeMap::<GroupId, BTreeSet<PrincipalId>>::new();

    for op in ops {
        match &op.kind {
            AuthOpKind::ResourceCreate => {
                view.resources
                    .entry(op.resource.clone())
                    .or_insert_with(|| ResourceAuthRecord {
                        id: op.resource.clone(),
                        authority: None,
                    });
            }
            AuthOpKind::ResourceAuthoritySet { authority } => {
                view.resources
                    .entry(op.resource.clone())
                    .and_modify(|record| record.authority = Some(authority.clone()))
                    .or_insert_with(|| ResourceAuthRecord {
                        id: op.resource.clone(),
                        authority: Some(authority.clone()),
                    });
            }
            AuthOpKind::GrantCreate {
                grant_id,
                principal,
                capabilities,
            } => {
                let mut capabilities = capabilities.clone();
                capabilities.sort();
                capabilities.dedup();
                view.grants.insert(
                    grant_id.clone(),
                    GrantRecord {
                        id: grant_id.clone(),
                        resource: op.resource.clone(),
                        principal: principal.clone(),
                        capabilities,
                    },
                );
            }
            AuthOpKind::GrantRevoke { grant_id } => {
                view.grants.remove(grant_id);
            }
            AuthOpKind::BearerAccessCreate {
                secret,
                capabilities,
                expires_at,
            } => {
                let mut capabilities = capabilities.clone();
                capabilities.sort();
                capabilities.dedup();
                view.bearer_access.insert(
                    secret.clone(),
                    BearerAccessRecord {
                        secret: secret.clone(),
                        resource: op.resource.clone(),
                        capabilities,
                        expires_at: *expires_at,
                    },
                );
            }
            AuthOpKind::BearerAccessRevoke { secret } => {
                view.bearer_access.remove(secret);
            }
            AuthOpKind::GroupCreate { group } => {
                view.groups
                    .entry(group.clone())
                    .or_insert_with(|| GroupRecord {
                        id: group.clone(),
                        resource: op.resource.clone(),
                        members: Vec::new(),
                    });
                group_members.entry(group.clone()).or_default();
            }
            AuthOpKind::GroupAddMember { group, principal } => {
                view.groups
                    .entry(group.clone())
                    .or_insert_with(|| GroupRecord {
                        id: group.clone(),
                        resource: op.resource.clone(),
                        members: Vec::new(),
                    });
                group_members
                    .entry(group.clone())
                    .or_default()
                    .insert(principal.clone());
            }
            AuthOpKind::GroupRemoveMember { group, principal } => {
                if let Some(members) = group_members.get_mut(group) {
                    members.remove(principal);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    for (group, members) in group_members {
        if let Some(record) = view.groups.get_mut(&group) {
            record.members = members.into_iter().collect();
        }
    }

    view
}

pub fn group_principal_id(group: &GroupId) -> PrincipalId {
    PrincipalId::new(group.as_str())
}

pub fn explain_auth_ops(
    ops: &[AuthOp],
    subject: PrincipalId,
    resource: ResourceId,
    capability: Capability,
) -> AuthExplanation {
    let view = reduce_auth_ops(ops);
    explain_from_view(&view, ops.len(), subject, resource, capability)
}

pub fn explain_from_view(
    view: &AuthView,
    evaluated_ops: usize,
    subject: PrincipalId,
    resource: ResourceId,
    capability: Capability,
) -> AuthExplanation {
    let group_principals = groups_for_subject(view, &resource, &subject);
    for grant in view.grants.values() {
        let Some(granted_capability) = grant
            .capabilities
            .iter()
            .find(|granted| capability_allows(granted, &capability))
        else {
            continue;
        };
        if grant.resource != resource {
            continue;
        }
        if grant.principal == subject {
            return AuthExplanation {
                subject: subject.to_string(),
                resource: resource.to_string(),
                capability: capability.to_string(),
                allowed: true,
                reason: format!(
                    "direct grant {} allows capability via {}",
                    grant.id, granted_capability
                ),
                evaluated_ops,
            };
        }
        if group_principals.contains(&grant.principal) {
            return AuthExplanation {
                subject: subject.to_string(),
                resource: resource.to_string(),
                capability: capability.to_string(),
                allowed: true,
                reason: format!(
                    "group grant {} allows capability via {}",
                    grant.id, granted_capability
                ),
                evaluated_ops,
            };
        }
    }

    AuthExplanation {
        subject: subject.to_string(),
        resource: resource.to_string(),
        capability: capability.to_string(),
        allowed: false,
        reason: "no active direct or group grant contains the requested capability".to_owned(),
        evaluated_ops,
    }
}

pub fn capability_allows(granted: &Capability, requested: &Capability) -> bool {
    if granted == requested {
        return true;
    }

    match (granted.as_str(), requested.as_str()) {
        ("kv.write", requested)
            if requested == "kv.write"
                || requested.starts_with("kv.write_key:")
                || requested.starts_with("kv.write_prefix:") =>
        {
            true
        }
        (granted, requested) => {
            let Some(granted_prefix) = granted.strip_prefix("kv.write_prefix:") else {
                return false;
            };

            if let Some(requested_key) = requested.strip_prefix("kv.write_key:") {
                return requested_key.starts_with(granted_prefix);
            }

            if let Some(requested_prefix) = requested.strip_prefix("kv.write_prefix:") {
                return requested_prefix.starts_with(granted_prefix);
            }

            false
        }
    }
}

fn groups_for_subject(
    view: &AuthView,
    resource: &ResourceId,
    subject: &PrincipalId,
) -> BTreeSet<PrincipalId> {
    view.groups
        .values()
        .filter(|group| &group.resource == resource && group.members.contains(subject))
        .map(|group| group_principal_id(&group.id))
        .collect()
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct AuthExplanation {
    pub subject: String,
    pub resource: String,
    pub capability: String,
    pub allowed: bool,
    pub reason: String,
    pub evaluated_ops: usize,
}

impl AuthExplanation {
    #[must_use]
    pub fn stub(subject: String, resource: String, capability: String) -> Self {
        Self {
            subject,
            resource,
            capability,
            allowed: false,
            reason: "authorization logs are scaffolded; no grant reducer is active yet".to_owned(),
            evaluated_ops: 0,
        }
    }

    #[must_use]
    pub fn discovered_candidate(subject: String, resource: String, capability: String) -> Self {
        Self {
            subject,
            resource,
            capability,
            allowed: false,
            reason: "subject is a discovered peer candidate only; discovery does not grant trust or authorization".to_owned(),
            evaluated_ops: 0,
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn auth_structs_roundtrip() {
        let op = AuthOp {
            id: "op:auth:1".into(),
            resource: "resource:notes".into(),
            created_at: UnixMillis(10),
            kind: AuthOpKind::GrantCreate {
                grant_id: "grant:1".to_owned(),
                principal: "node:laptop".into(),
                capabilities: vec!["kv.read".into(), "kv.write_prefix:apps/foo/".into()],
            },
        };
        let json = serde_json::to_string(&op).expect("json");
        let decoded: AuthOp = serde_json::from_str(&json).expect("decode");
        assert_eq!(decoded, op);
    }

    #[test]
    fn auth_signing_payload_is_canonical_and_namespaced() {
        let op = AuthOp {
            id: "op:auth:1".into(),
            resource: "resource:notes".into(),
            created_at: UnixMillis(10),
            kind: AuthOpKind::GrantCreate {
                grant_id: "grant:1".to_owned(),
                principal: "node:laptop".into(),
                capabilities: vec!["kv.read".into(), "kv.write_prefix:apps/foo/".into()],
            },
        };
        assert_eq!(
            auth_signing_payload(&op).expect("payload"),
            auth_signing_payload(&op).expect("payload again")
        );
        assert_ne!(
            auth_signing_payload_hash(&op).expect("hash"),
            geth_codec::hash_canonical(&op).expect("raw op hash")
        );

        let signed = signed_auth_op(op.clone(), "node:laptop".into(), vec![1, 2, 3]);
        assert_eq!(signed.namespace(), AUTH_SIGNATURE_NAMESPACE);
        assert_eq!(signed.payload(), &op);
    }

    fn op(sequence: i64, kind: AuthOpKind) -> AuthOp {
        AuthOp {
            id: format!("op:auth:{sequence}").into(),
            resource: "resource:notes".into(),
            created_at: UnixMillis(sequence),
            kind,
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn auth_reducer_tracks_grants_groups_and_revocations() {
        let ops = vec![
            op(1, AuthOpKind::ResourceCreate),
            op(
                2,
                AuthOpKind::ResourceAuthoritySet {
                    authority: "resource:notes-auth".into(),
                },
            ),
            op(
                3,
                AuthOpKind::GrantCreate {
                    grant_id: "grant:direct".to_owned(),
                    principal: "node:laptop".into(),
                    capabilities: vec!["kv.write_prefix:apps/foo/".into(), "kv.read".into()],
                },
            ),
            op(
                4,
                AuthOpKind::GrantCreate {
                    grant_id: "grant:revoked".to_owned(),
                    principal: "node:laptop".into(),
                    capabilities: vec!["kv.admin".into()],
                },
            ),
            op(
                5,
                AuthOpKind::GrantRevoke {
                    grant_id: "grant:revoked".to_owned(),
                },
            ),
            op(
                6,
                AuthOpKind::GroupCreate {
                    group: "group:editors".into(),
                },
            ),
            op(
                7,
                AuthOpKind::GroupAddMember {
                    group: "group:editors".into(),
                    principal: "node:tablet".into(),
                },
            ),
            op(
                8,
                AuthOpKind::GrantCreate {
                    grant_id: "grant:group".to_owned(),
                    principal: "group:editors".into(),
                    capabilities: vec!["document.write".into()],
                },
            ),
        ];

        let view = reduce_auth_ops(&ops);

        assert_eq!(
            view.resources
                .get(&ResourceId::from("resource:notes"))
                .and_then(|record| record.authority.clone()),
            Some(ResourceId::from("resource:notes-auth"))
        );
        assert!(view.grants.contains_key("grant:direct"));
        assert!(!view.grants.contains_key("grant:revoked"));
        assert_eq!(
            view.groups
                .get(&GroupId::from("group:editors"))
                .map(|group| group.members.clone()),
            Some(vec![PrincipalId::from("node:tablet")])
        );

        let direct = explain_auth_ops(
            &ops,
            "node:laptop".into(),
            "resource:notes".into(),
            "kv.write_prefix:apps/foo/".into(),
        );
        assert!(direct.allowed);
        assert_eq!(direct.evaluated_ops, ops.len());
        assert!(direct.reason.contains("direct grant"));

        let group = explain_auth_ops(
            &ops,
            "node:tablet".into(),
            "resource:notes".into(),
            "document.write".into(),
        );
        assert!(group.allowed);
        assert!(group.reason.contains("group grant"));

        let revoked = explain_auth_ops(
            &ops,
            "node:laptop".into(),
            "resource:notes".into(),
            "kv.admin".into(),
        );
        assert!(!revoked.allowed);
    }

    #[test]
    fn auth_reducer_removes_group_members_and_bearer_access() {
        let ops = vec![
            op(
                1,
                AuthOpKind::GroupCreate {
                    group: "group:editors".into(),
                },
            ),
            op(
                2,
                AuthOpKind::GroupAddMember {
                    group: "group:editors".into(),
                    principal: "node:tablet".into(),
                },
            ),
            op(
                3,
                AuthOpKind::GroupRemoveMember {
                    group: "group:editors".into(),
                    principal: "node:tablet".into(),
                },
            ),
            op(
                4,
                AuthOpKind::BearerAccessCreate {
                    secret: "secret:invite".into(),
                    capabilities: vec!["pipe.connect".into()],
                    expires_at: Some(UnixMillis(100)),
                },
            ),
            op(
                5,
                AuthOpKind::BearerAccessRevoke {
                    secret: "secret:invite".into(),
                },
            ),
        ];

        let view = reduce_auth_ops(&ops);

        assert_eq!(
            view.groups
                .get(&GroupId::from("group:editors"))
                .map(|group| group.members.clone()),
            Some(Vec::new())
        );
        assert!(view.bearer_access.is_empty());
    }

    #[test]
    fn prefix_scoped_kv_capabilities_allow_only_matching_keys() {
        assert!(capability_allows(
            &Capability::from("kv.write_prefix:apps/foo/"),
            &Capability::from("kv.write_key:apps/foo/config"),
        ));
        assert!(capability_allows(
            &Capability::from("kv.write_prefix:apps/foo/"),
            &Capability::from("kv.write_prefix:apps/foo/nested/"),
        ));
        assert!(!capability_allows(
            &Capability::from("kv.write_prefix:apps/foo/"),
            &Capability::from("kv.write_key:apps/bar/config"),
        ));
        assert!(!capability_allows(
            &Capability::from("kv.write_prefix:apps/foo/"),
            &Capability::from("kv.read"),
        ));
        assert!(capability_allows(
            &Capability::from("kv.write"),
            &Capability::from("kv.write_key:apps/bar/config"),
        ));
    }

    #[test]
    fn auth_explain_uses_prefix_scoped_kv_capabilities() {
        let ops = vec![op(
            1,
            AuthOpKind::GrantCreate {
                grant_id: "grant:kv-prefix".to_owned(),
                principal: "node:laptop".into(),
                capabilities: vec!["kv.write_prefix:apps/foo/".into()],
            },
        )];

        let allowed = explain_auth_ops(
            &ops,
            "node:laptop".into(),
            "resource:notes".into(),
            "kv.write_key:apps/foo/config".into(),
        );
        assert!(allowed.allowed);
        assert!(allowed.reason.contains("kv.write_prefix:apps/foo/"));

        let denied = explain_auth_ops(
            &ops,
            "node:laptop".into(),
            "resource:notes".into(),
            "kv.write_key:apps/bar/config".into(),
        );
        assert!(!denied.allowed);
    }
}