diff --git a/AGENTS.md b/AGENTS.md
index 3ab0fa3..9f81f4a 100644
--- a/AGENTS.md
+++ b/AGENTS.md
@@ -182,9 +182,9 @@ Roadmap items should be actionable and checkable:
   ops and must not allow trust graph mutation capabilities. Bearer
   challenge/proof/verify commands exist for resource-scoped possession checks.
   Remote module authorization paths can accept optional bearer proofs without
-  enrolling the caller as a trusted node. Payload encryption, key envelopes, and
-  separating public bearer ids from private bearer tokens are still roadmap
-  work.
+  enrolling the caller as a trusted node. Bearer creation separates the public
+  bearer id stored in auth logs from the private bearer token returned to the
+  caller once. Payload encryption and key envelopes are still roadmap work.
 - SSH revocations can be exported as JSONL, OpenSSH KRL specification text, or
   binary OpenSSH KRL files generated through `ssh-keygen`. JSONL and OpenSSH KRL
   specification imports are supported; binary KRL import is unsupported because
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index f549333..0e84a44 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@ The bootstrap implementation provides:
 - `geth secret bearer create <resource> --capability <capability>`
 - `geth secret bearer list`
 - `geth secret bearer challenge <resource> --capability <capability>`
-- `geth secret bearer prove <secret> <resource> --nonce <nonce> --capability <capability>`
-- `geth secret bearer verify <secret> <resource> --nonce <nonce> --response <response> --capability <capability>`
-- `geth secret bearer revoke <resource> <secret>`
+- `geth secret bearer prove <token> <resource> --nonce <nonce> --capability <capability>`
+- `geth secret bearer verify <token> <resource> --nonce <nonce> --response <response> --capability <capability>`
+- `geth secret bearer revoke <resource> <bearer-id>`
 - `geth auth explain <subject> <resource> <capability>`
 - `geth auth grant <subject> <resource> <capability> [--grant-id <id>]`
 - `geth auth revoke <resource> <grant-id>`
@@ -158,8 +158,10 @@ fetches record the serving peer as a local provider, visible with
 `geth cas providers <hash>`. This is the bootstrap transfer path; future work
 will move provider/fetch behavior to `iroh-blobs`.
 Remote resource commands that accept `--bearer-secret` can also authorize with a
-resource-scoped bearer proof. This does not enroll the caller as a trusted node;
-it only unlocks the requested capability on that one resource.
+resource-scoped bearer proof generated from the private bearer token returned at
+creation time. The persisted auth log stores a public bearer id and token
+verifier, not the private token. This does not enroll the caller as a trusted
+node; it only unlocks the requested capability on that one resource.
 `geth ssh cert sync <node-id>` requires `ssh_cert.sync` on `resource:ssh:certs`
 at the peer. `geth ssh revocation sync <node-id>` requires
 `ssh_revocation.sync` on `resource:ssh:revocations`. Both commands merge
diff --git a/crates/geth-auth/src/lib.rs b/crates/geth-auth/src/lib.rs
index 5d07e2b..1ce8a43 100644
--- a/crates/geth-auth/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/geth-auth/src/lib.rs
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ pub enum AuthOpKind {
     },
     BearerAccessCreate {
         secret: SecretId,
+        token_hash: Option<String>,
         capabilities: Vec<Capability>,
         expires_at: Option<UnixMillis>,
     },
@@ -99,6 +100,7 @@ pub struct GroupRecord {
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct BearerAccessRecord {
     pub secret: SecretId,
+    pub token_hash: Option<String>,
     pub resource: ResourceId,
     pub capabilities: Vec<Capability>,
     pub expires_at: Option<UnixMillis>,
@@ -150,6 +152,7 @@ pub fn reduce_auth_ops(ops: &[AuthOp]) -> AuthView {
             }
             AuthOpKind::BearerAccessCreate {
                 secret,
+                token_hash,
                 capabilities,
                 expires_at,
             } => {
@@ -160,6 +163,7 @@ pub fn reduce_auth_ops(ops: &[AuthOp]) -> AuthView {
                     secret.clone(),
                     BearerAccessRecord {
                         secret: secret.clone(),
+                        token_hash: token_hash.clone(),
                         resource: op.resource.clone(),
                         capabilities,
                         expires_at: *expires_at,
@@ -542,6 +546,7 @@ mod tests {
                 4,
                 AuthOpKind::BearerAccessCreate {
                     secret: "secret:invite".into(),
+                    token_hash: Some("token-hash".to_owned()),
                     capabilities: vec!["pipe.connect".into()],
                     expires_at: Some(UnixMillis(100)),
                 },
diff --git a/crates/geth-cli/src/lib.rs b/crates/geth-cli/src/lib.rs
index f0226dd..94ea864 100644
--- a/crates/geth-cli/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/geth-cli/src/lib.rs
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ pub enum SecretBearerCommand {
         capabilities: Vec<String>,
     },
     Prove {
-        secret: String,
+        token: String,
         resource: String,
         #[arg(long)]
         nonce: String,
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ pub enum SecretBearerCommand {
         capabilities: Vec<String>,
     },
     Verify {
-        secret: String,
+        token: String,
         resource: String,
         #[arg(long)]
         nonce: String,
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ pub enum SecretBearerCommand {
     },
     Revoke {
         resource: String,
-        secret: String,
+        bearer_id: String,
     },
 }
 
@@ -673,32 +673,36 @@ fn request_for_command(command: Command) -> Result<ControlRequest> {
                     capabilities,
                 },
                 SecretBearerCommand::Prove {
-                    secret,
+                    token,
                     resource,
                     capabilities,
                     nonce,
                 } => ControlRequest::SecretBearerProve {
-                    secret,
+                    secret: token,
                     resource,
                     capabilities,
                     nonce,
                 },
                 SecretBearerCommand::Verify {
-                    secret,
+                    token,
                     resource,
                     capabilities,
                     nonce,
                     response,
                 } => ControlRequest::SecretBearerVerify {
-                    secret,
+                    secret: token,
                     resource,
                     capabilities,
                     nonce,
                     response,
                 },
-                SecretBearerCommand::Revoke { resource, secret } => {
-                    ControlRequest::SecretBearerRevoke { resource, secret }
-                }
+                SecretBearerCommand::Revoke {
+                    resource,
+                    bearer_id,
+                } => ControlRequest::SecretBearerRevoke {
+                    resource,
+                    secret: bearer_id,
+                },
             },
         },
         Command::Cas { command } => match command {
@@ -1301,7 +1305,10 @@ fn print_response(response: ControlResponse, json: bool) -> Result<()> {
             println!("epoch: {}", secret.epoch);
         }
         ControlResponse::SecretBearerCreated { access } => {
-            println!("bearer secret: {}", access.secret);
+            println!("bearer id: {}", access.secret);
+            if let Some(token) = access.token {
+                println!("bearer token: {token}");
+            }
             println!("resource: {}", access.resource);
             println!(
                 "capabilities: {}",
diff --git a/crates/geth-node/src/lib.rs b/crates/geth-node/src/lib.rs
index 3de9b71..855768d 100644
--- a/crates/geth-node/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/geth-node/src/lib.rs
@@ -1724,11 +1724,12 @@ fn bearer_proof(
     capability: &str,
     nonce: &str,
 ) -> Option<BearerProof> {
-    bearer_secret.map(|secret| {
-        let secret = geth_types::SecretId::new(secret);
+    bearer_secret.map(|token| {
+        let token = geth_types::SecretId::new(token);
+        let secret = geth_secrets::bearer_id_for_token(&token);
         let resource = ResourceId::new(resource.to_owned());
         let capabilities = vec![Capability::new(capability.to_owned())];
-        let response = geth_secrets::bearer_response(&secret, &resource, &capabilities, nonce);
+        let response = geth_secrets::bearer_response(&token, &resource, &capabilities, nonce);
         BearerProof {
             secret,
             resource,
@@ -1793,16 +1794,6 @@ fn explain_peer_or_bearer(
             "bearer proof does not include the requested capability".to_owned(),
         ));
     }
-    if !geth_secrets::verify_bearer_response(
-        &proof.secret,
-        &proof.resource,
-        &proof.capabilities,
-        nonce,
-        &proof.response,
-    ) {
-        return Ok(denied("bearer proof response is invalid".to_owned()));
-    }
-
     let now = UnixMillis(geth_store::now_ms());
     let Some(access) = load_bearer_access(store)?.into_iter().find(|access| {
         access.secret == proof.secret
@@ -1813,6 +1804,20 @@ fn explain_peer_or_bearer(
             "bearer access is not active for requested resource".to_owned(),
         ));
     };
+    let Some(token_hash) = access.token_hash.as_deref() else {
+        return Ok(denied(
+            "bearer access does not have a token verifier".to_owned(),
+        ));
+    };
+    if !geth_secrets::verify_bearer_response_with_token_hash(
+        token_hash,
+        &proof.resource,
+        &proof.capabilities,
+        nonce,
+        &proof.response,
+    ) {
+        return Ok(denied("bearer proof response is invalid".to_owned()));
+    }
     if !access
         .capabilities
         .iter()
@@ -3307,11 +3312,12 @@ pub fn handle_request(
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
             geth_secrets::validate_bearer_capabilities(&capabilities)?;
             let created_at = UnixMillis(geth_store::now_ms());
-            let secret = geth_types::SecretId::new(format!(
-                "bearer:{}",
+            let token = geth_types::SecretId::new(format!(
+                "gbt_{}",
                 geth_crypto::blake3_hex(
                     format!(
-                        "{resource}\0{}\0{}",
+                        "{}\0{resource}\0{}\0{}",
+                        node.agent_id,
                         capabilities
                             .iter()
                             .map(ToString::to_string)
@@ -3322,6 +3328,8 @@ pub fn handle_request(
                     .as_bytes()
                 )
             ));
+            let secret = geth_secrets::bearer_id_for_token(&token);
+            let token_hash = geth_secrets::bearer_token_hash(&token);
             let access = BearerAccess::resource_scoped(
                 secret.clone(),
                 ResourceId::new(resource.clone()),
@@ -3333,6 +3341,7 @@ pub fn handle_request(
                 created_at,
                 kind: AuthOpKind::BearerAccessCreate {
                     secret,
+                    token_hash: Some(token_hash),
                     capabilities,
                     expires_at: expires_at_ms.map(UnixMillis),
                 },
@@ -3340,6 +3349,7 @@ pub fn handle_request(
             store_auth_op(&store, &op)?;
             Ok(ControlResponse::SecretBearerCreated {
                 access: BearerAccess {
+                    token: Some(token),
                     expires_at: expires_at_ms.map(UnixMillis),
                     ..access
                 },
@@ -3383,9 +3393,10 @@ pub fn handle_request(
                 .map(Capability::new)
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
             geth_secrets::validate_bearer_capabilities(&capabilities)?;
-            let secret = geth_types::SecretId::new(secret);
+            let token = geth_types::SecretId::new(secret);
+            let secret = geth_secrets::bearer_id_for_token(&token);
             let resource = ResourceId::new(resource);
-            let response = geth_secrets::bearer_response(&secret, &resource, &capabilities, &nonce);
+            let response = geth_secrets::bearer_response(&token, &resource, &capabilities, &nonce);
             Ok(ControlResponse::SecretBearerProof {
                 proof: BearerProof {
                     secret,
@@ -3410,7 +3421,8 @@ pub fn handle_request(
                 .map(Capability::new)
                 .collect::<Vec<_>>();
             geth_secrets::validate_bearer_capabilities(&requested_capabilities)?;
-            let secret_id = geth_types::SecretId::new(secret.clone());
+            let token = geth_types::SecretId::new(secret.clone());
+            let secret_id = geth_secrets::bearer_id_for_token(&token);
             let resource_id = ResourceId::new(resource.clone());
             let access = load_bearer_access(&store)?.into_iter().find(|access| {
                 access.secret == secret_id
@@ -3428,13 +3440,15 @@ pub fn handle_request(
                         false,
                         "bearer secret lacks requested capabilities".to_owned(),
                     )
-                } else if geth_secrets::verify_bearer_response(
-                    &secret_id,
-                    &resource_id,
-                    &requested_capabilities,
-                    &nonce,
-                    &response,
-                ) {
+                } else if access.token_hash.as_deref().is_some_and(|token_hash| {
+                    geth_secrets::verify_bearer_response_with_token_hash(
+                        token_hash,
+                        &resource_id,
+                        &requested_capabilities,
+                        &nonce,
+                        &response,
+                    )
+                }) {
                     (
                         true,
                         "bearer proof verified for resource-scoped capabilities".to_owned(),
@@ -4458,6 +4472,8 @@ fn load_bearer_access(store: &Store) -> Result<Vec<BearerAccess>, NodeError> {
         .into_values()
         .map(|record| BearerAccess {
             secret: record.secret,
+            token: None,
+            token_hash: record.token_hash,
             resource: record.resource,
             capabilities: record.capabilities,
             expires_at: record.expires_at,
@@ -5482,7 +5498,10 @@ mod tests {
         )
         .expect("create remote CAS bearer access")
         {
-            ControlResponse::SecretBearerCreated { access } => access.secret.to_string(),
+            ControlResponse::SecretBearerCreated { access } => access
+                .token
+                .expect("private bearer token on create")
+                .to_string(),
             other => panic!("unexpected bearer create response: {other:?}"),
         };
         let bearer_fetch = handle_request_async(
diff --git a/crates/geth-secrets/src/lib.rs b/crates/geth-secrets/src/lib.rs
index 80e00b1..e5b7c4c 100644
--- a/crates/geth-secrets/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/geth-secrets/src/lib.rs
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ pub struct ResourceKeyEnvelope {
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct BearerAccess {
     pub secret: SecretId,
+    pub token: Option<SecretId>,
+    pub token_hash: Option<String>,
     pub resource: ResourceId,
     pub capabilities: Vec<Capability>,
     pub expires_at: Option<UnixMillis>,
@@ -55,6 +57,8 @@ impl BearerAccess {
     ) -> Self {
         Self {
             secret,
+            token: None,
+            token_hash: None,
             resource,
             capabilities,
             expires_at: None,
@@ -93,6 +97,17 @@ pub fn validate_bearer_capabilities(capabilities: &[Capability]) -> Result<(), S
     Ok(())
 }
 
+#[must_use]
+pub fn bearer_token_hash(token: &SecretId) -> String {
+    blake3::hash(token.as_str().as_bytes()).to_hex().to_string()
+}
+
+#[must_use]
+pub fn bearer_id_for_token(token: &SecretId) -> SecretId {
+    let hash = bearer_token_hash(token);
+    SecretId::new(format!("bearer:{}", &hash[..32]))
+}
+
 #[must_use]
 pub fn bearer_response(
     secret: &SecretId,
@@ -119,6 +134,34 @@ pub fn bearer_response(
         .to_string()
 }
 
+#[must_use]
+pub fn bearer_response_with_token_hash(
+    token_hash: &str,
+    resource: &ResourceId,
+    capabilities: &[Capability],
+    nonce: &str,
+) -> Option<String> {
+    let hash_bytes = hex_to_32_bytes(token_hash)?;
+    let mut capability_strings = capabilities
+        .iter()
+        .map(|capability| capability.as_str())
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    capability_strings.sort_unstable();
+    let mut message = String::new();
+    message.push_str(resource.as_str());
+    message.push('\0');
+    message.push_str(nonce);
+    for capability in capability_strings {
+        message.push('\0');
+        message.push_str(capability);
+    }
+    Some(
+        blake3::keyed_hash(&hash_bytes, message.as_bytes())
+            .to_hex()
+            .to_string(),
+    )
+}
+
 #[must_use]
 pub fn verify_bearer_response(
     secret: &SecretId,
@@ -130,6 +173,29 @@ pub fn verify_bearer_response(
     bearer_response(secret, resource, capabilities, nonce) == response
 }
 
+#[must_use]
+pub fn verify_bearer_response_with_token_hash(
+    token_hash: &str,
+    resource: &ResourceId,
+    capabilities: &[Capability],
+    nonce: &str,
+    response: &str,
+) -> bool {
+    bearer_response_with_token_hash(token_hash, resource, capabilities, nonce)
+        .is_some_and(|expected| expected == response)
+}
+
+fn hex_to_32_bytes(hex: &str) -> Option<[u8; 32]> {
+    if hex.len() != 64 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let mut bytes = [0_u8; 32];
+    for index in 0..32 {
+        bytes[index] = u8::from_str_radix(&hex[index * 2..index * 2 + 2], 16).ok()?;
+    }
+    Some(bytes)
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
@@ -153,7 +219,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn bearer_response_is_resource_scoped_and_capability_scoped() {
-        let secret = SecretId::new("bearer:test");
+        let secret = SecretId::new("gbt_test");
         let resource = ResourceId::new("resource:kv:prefs");
         let capabilities = vec![Capability::new("kv.read"), Capability::new("kv.write")];
 
@@ -181,4 +247,31 @@ mod tests {
             &response
         ));
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn bearer_id_is_separate_from_private_token() {
+        let token = SecretId::new("gbt_private_token");
+        let bearer_id = bearer_id_for_token(&token);
+        let token_hash = bearer_token_hash(&token);
+        let resource = ResourceId::new("resource:cas:local");
+        let capabilities = vec![Capability::new("cas.fetch")];
+        let response = bearer_response(&token, &resource, &capabilities, "nonce");
+
+        assert_ne!(bearer_id, token);
+        assert!(bearer_id.as_str().starts_with("bearer:"));
+        assert!(verify_bearer_response_with_token_hash(
+            &token_hash,
+            &resource,
+            &capabilities,
+            "nonce",
+            &response
+        ));
+        assert!(!verify_bearer_response_with_token_hash(
+            &token_hash,
+            &resource,
+            &[Capability::new("cas.pin")],
+            "nonce",
+            &response
+        ));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/crates/geth/tests/bootstrap.rs b/crates/geth/tests/bootstrap.rs
index 0ed0e94..4a5b6e1 100644
--- a/crates/geth/tests/bootstrap.rs
+++ b/crates/geth/tests/bootstrap.rs
@@ -1228,7 +1228,7 @@ fn bearer_access_create_list_revoke_uses_resource_scoped_auth_ops() {
         },
     )
     .expect("create bearer");
-    let secret = match response {
+    let (secret, token) = match response {
         geth_control::ControlResponse::SecretBearerCreated { access } => {
             assert_eq!(access.resource.to_string(), "resource:cas:local");
             assert_eq!(access.capabilities.len(), 2);
@@ -1237,7 +1237,10 @@ fn bearer_access_create_list_revoke_uses_resource_scoped_auth_ops() {
                 Some(4_102_444_800_000)
             );
             assert!(!access.may_delegate);
-            access.secret.to_string()
+            let token = access.token.expect("private bearer token on create");
+            assert_ne!(access.secret, token);
+            assert!(access.token_hash.is_none());
+            (access.secret.to_string(), token.to_string())
         }
         other => panic!("unexpected response: {other:?}"),
     };
@@ -1248,6 +1251,8 @@ fn bearer_access_create_list_revoke_uses_resource_scoped_auth_ops() {
         geth_control::ControlResponse::SecretBearerList { access } => {
             assert_eq!(access.len(), 1);
             assert_eq!(access[0].secret.to_string(), secret);
+            assert!(access[0].token.is_none());
+            assert!(access[0].token_hash.is_some());
             assert!(!access[0].may_delegate);
         }
         other => panic!("unexpected response: {other:?}"),
@@ -1272,7 +1277,7 @@ fn bearer_access_create_list_revoke_uses_resource_scoped_auth_ops() {
     let response = geth_node::handle_request(
         &node,
         geth_control::ControlRequest::SecretBearerProve {
-            secret: secret.clone(),
+            secret: token.clone(),
             resource: "resource:cas:local".to_owned(),
             capabilities: vec!["cas.fetch".to_owned()],
             nonce: nonce.clone(),
@@ -1291,7 +1296,7 @@ fn bearer_access_create_list_revoke_uses_resource_scoped_auth_ops() {
     let response = geth_node::handle_request(
         &node,
         geth_control::ControlRequest::SecretBearerVerify {
-            secret: secret.clone(),
+            secret: token.clone(),
             resource: "resource:cas:local".to_owned(),
             capabilities: vec!["cas.fetch".to_owned()],
             nonce: nonce.clone(),
@@ -1308,7 +1313,7 @@ fn bearer_access_create_list_revoke_uses_resource_scoped_auth_ops() {
     let response = geth_node::handle_request(
         &node,
         geth_control::ControlRequest::SecretBearerVerify {
-            secret: secret.clone(),
+            secret: token,
             resource: "resource:cas:local".to_owned(),
             capabilities: vec!["cas.pin".to_owned()],
             nonce,
diff --git a/docs/architecture.md b/docs/architecture.md
index 0f6d3e2..3b0735a 100644
--- a/docs/architecture.md
+++ b/docs/architecture.md
@@ -270,14 +270,15 @@ key envelopes, bearer secrets, and rotation. Revocation for private data is
 modeled initially as secret epoch rotation. The daemon persists resource secret
 epoch metadata through `secret create/rotate/status`. Bearer access is recorded
 as resource-scoped auth operations and rejects trust-mutation capabilities such
-as `auth.delegate`, `auth.revoke`, and `node.enroll`. Bearer challenge/proof
-commands derive deterministic BLAKE3 keyed responses from the bearer secret,
-resource, nonce, and requested capabilities, then verify them against active
-resource-scoped bearer grants. Remote resource operations can carry optional
-bearer proofs over the protected Iroh control path; a valid proof authorizes
-only the requested resource capability and does not create node trust. The daemon
-does not yet store payload key material, encrypt resource data, distribute key
-envelopes, or separate public bearer ids from private bearer tokens.
+as `auth.delegate`, `auth.revoke`, and `node.enroll`. Bearer creation returns a
+private bearer token once and stores a separate public bearer id plus token
+verifier in the auth log. Bearer challenge/proof commands derive deterministic
+BLAKE3 keyed responses from the private token, resource, nonce, and requested
+capabilities, then verify them against active resource-scoped bearer grants.
+Remote resource operations can carry optional bearer proofs over the protected
+Iroh control path; a valid proof authorizes only the requested resource
+capability and does not create node trust. The daemon does not yet store payload
+key material, encrypt resource data, or distribute key envelopes.
 
 ## Multi-User Direction
 
diff --git a/docs/roadmap.md b/docs/roadmap.md
index a51ba5b..d9b9fcf 100644
--- a/docs/roadmap.md
+++ b/docs/roadmap.md
@@ -227,8 +227,12 @@ resource-scoped capability decisions.
     the requested resource capability without granting node identity.
   - `[x]` Tests verify remote CAS fetch succeeds through a bearer proof before
     the caller has a node grant.
-  - `[ ]` Future completion avoids sending bearer secret identifiers as proof
-    material by separating public bearer ids from private bearer tokens.
+  - `[x]` Bearer creation separates the persisted public bearer id from the
+    private bearer token returned to the caller.
+  - `[x]` Bearer list/revoke operate on public bearer ids while proof and remote
+    authorization use the private token.
+  - `[x]` Tests verify the public bearer id differs from the private token and
+    remote bearer auth uses the token.
 
 - `[~]` SSH certificate and revocation lifecycle.
   Acceptance criteria: