Add prototype encrypted CAS blobs

AGENTS.md

@@ -134,7 +134,10 @@ Roadmap items should be actionable and checkable:
   can fetch CAS blobs from an imported signed peer card over Iroh when the peer
   grants `cas.fetch` on `resource:cas:local`; successful fetches record local
   provider metadata visible through `geth cas providers <hash>`. Full
-  `iroh-blobs` provider integration is still roadmap work.
+  `iroh-blobs` provider integration is still roadmap work. `geth cas
+  add-private/get-private` stores prototype encrypted CAS envelopes gated by
+  local resource secret epochs. The envelope is not audited AEAD and must not be
+  described as forward-secret or post-compromise-secure.
 - The CAS crate can build deterministic tree objects for local file trees and
   store those manifests as CAS blobs. The daemon can register and scan local
   file roots, reporting create/update/delete/rename changes without writing back

README.md

@@ -110,6 +110,10 @@ The bootstrap implementation provides:
 - local filesystem CAS commands: `add`, `get`, `fetch`, `hash`, `has`, `pin`,
   `unpin`, `cleanup`, `providers`, `list`; remote fetch accepts
   `--bearer-secret <secret>`
+- private CAS envelope commands:
+  `geth cas add-private <resource> <path>` and
+  `geth cas get-private <resource> <hash> --out <path>`. These use local
+  resource secret epochs and are a prototype envelope, not audited AEAD.
 - local CAS tree objects describe file trees and are stored as CAS blobs
 - local file-root commands: `geth cas root add/list/scan/sync/apply`; root sync
   pulls authorized remote tree metadata and CAS tree bytes into a peer-qualified

crates/geth-cas/src/lib.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 
 pub const CAS_TREE_OBJECT_VERSION: u16 = 1;
+pub const ENCRYPTED_BLOB_ENVELOPE_VERSION: u16 = 1;
 
 #[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
 pub enum CasError {
@@ -27,6 +28,8 @@ pub enum CasError {
     InvalidFileConflictResolution(String),
     #[error("invalid file conflict status: {0}")]
     InvalidFileConflictStatus(String),
+    #[error("encrypted blob envelope error: {0}")]
+    EncryptedEnvelope(String),
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -41,6 +44,19 @@ pub struct BlobInfo {
     pub path: PathBuf,
 }
 
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct EncryptedBlobEnvelope {
+    pub version: u16,
+    pub algorithm: String,
+    pub resource: String,
+    pub epoch: u64,
+    pub plaintext_hash: BlobHash,
+    pub nonce_hex: String,
+    pub ciphertext: Vec<u8>,
+    pub tag_hex: String,
+    pub note: String,
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct CasTreeObject {
     pub version: u16,
@@ -164,6 +180,110 @@ impl FileConflictKind {
     }
 }
 
+pub fn encrypt_private_blob(
+    resource: &str,
+    secret_id: &str,
+    epoch: u64,
+    nonce_hex: &str,
+    plaintext: &[u8],
+) -> Result<Vec<u8>, CasError> {
+    let key = private_blob_key(resource, secret_id, epoch);
+    let nonce = decode_32_byte_hex(nonce_hex)?;
+    let ciphertext = xor_keystream(&key, &nonce, plaintext);
+    let tag_hex = private_blob_tag(&key, &nonce, &ciphertext);
+    let envelope = EncryptedBlobEnvelope {
+        version: ENCRYPTED_BLOB_ENVELOPE_VERSION,
+        algorithm: "geth.blake3-xor.v0.prototype".to_owned(),
+        resource: resource.to_owned(),
+        epoch,
+        plaintext_hash: hash_bytes(plaintext),
+        nonce_hex: nonce_hex.to_owned(),
+        ciphertext,
+        tag_hex,
+        note: "prototype private blob envelope; not an audited AEAD and does not claim forward secrecy or post-compromise security".to_owned(),
+    };
+    geth_codec::encode_canonical(&envelope).map_err(CasError::from)
+}
+
+pub fn decrypt_private_blob(
+    resource: &str,
+    secret_id: &str,
+    envelope_bytes: &[u8],
+) -> Result<Vec<u8>, CasError> {
+    let envelope: EncryptedBlobEnvelope = geth_codec::decode_canonical(envelope_bytes)?;
+    if envelope.version != ENCRYPTED_BLOB_ENVELOPE_VERSION {
+        return Err(CasError::EncryptedEnvelope(format!(
+            "unsupported envelope version {}",
+            envelope.version
+        )));
+    }
+    if envelope.resource != resource {
+        return Err(CasError::EncryptedEnvelope(format!(
+            "envelope resource {} does not match requested resource {resource}",
+            envelope.resource
+        )));
+    }
+    let key = private_blob_key(resource, secret_id, envelope.epoch);
+    let nonce = decode_32_byte_hex(&envelope.nonce_hex)?;
+    let expected_tag = private_blob_tag(&key, &nonce, &envelope.ciphertext);
+    if expected_tag != envelope.tag_hex {
+        return Err(CasError::EncryptedEnvelope(
+            "encrypted blob tag verification failed".to_owned(),
+        ));
+    }
+    let plaintext = xor_keystream(&key, &nonce, &envelope.ciphertext);
+    let plaintext_hash = hash_bytes(&plaintext);
+    if plaintext_hash != envelope.plaintext_hash {
+        return Err(CasError::EncryptedEnvelope(
+            "encrypted blob plaintext hash verification failed".to_owned(),
+        ));
+    }
+    Ok(plaintext)
+}
+
+fn private_blob_key(resource: &str, secret_id: &str, epoch: u64) -> [u8; 32] {
+    let material = format!("geth.private-blob.v0\0{resource}\0{secret_id}\0{epoch}");
+    *blake3::hash(material.as_bytes()).as_bytes()
+}
+
+fn xor_keystream(key: &[u8; 32], nonce: &[u8; 32], input: &[u8]) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(input.len());
+    for (chunk_index, chunk) in input.chunks(32).enumerate() {
+        let mut block_input = Vec::with_capacity(40);
+        block_input.extend_from_slice(nonce);
+        block_input.extend_from_slice(&(chunk_index as u64).to_le_bytes());
+        let block = blake3::keyed_hash(key, &block_input);
+        out.extend(
+            chunk
+                .iter()
+                .zip(block.as_bytes().iter())
+                .map(|(byte, mask)| byte ^ mask),
+        );
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+fn private_blob_tag(key: &[u8; 32], nonce: &[u8; 32], ciphertext: &[u8]) -> String {
+    let mut input = Vec::with_capacity(nonce.len() + ciphertext.len());
+    input.extend_from_slice(nonce);
+    input.extend_from_slice(ciphertext);
+    blake3::keyed_hash(key, &input).to_hex().to_string()
+}
+
+fn decode_32_byte_hex(hex: &str) -> Result<[u8; 32], CasError> {
+    if hex.len() != 64 {
+        return Err(CasError::EncryptedEnvelope(
+            "nonce must be 32 bytes encoded as lowercase hex".to_owned(),
+        ));
+    }
+    let mut bytes = [0_u8; 32];
+    for index in 0..32 {
+        bytes[index] = u8::from_str_radix(&hex[index * 2..index * 2 + 2], 16)
+            .map_err(|error| CasError::EncryptedEnvelope(format!("invalid nonce hex: {error}")))?;
+    }
+    Ok(bytes)
+}
+
 impl FileConflictResolution {
     pub fn parse(value: &str) -> Result<Self, CasError> {
         match value {
@@ -561,6 +681,21 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn private_blob_envelope_roundtrips_and_checks_resource() {
+        let plaintext = b"private geth bytes";
+        let nonce = "000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101112131415161718191a1b1c1d1e1f";
+        let envelope =
+            encrypt_private_blob("resource:cas:private", "secret:test", 1, nonce, plaintext)
+                .expect("encrypt");
+
+        let decrypted = decrypt_private_blob("resource:cas:private", "secret:test", &envelope)
+            .expect("decrypt");
+        assert_eq!(decrypted, plaintext);
+        assert!(decrypt_private_blob("resource:cas:other", "secret:test", &envelope).is_err());
+        assert!(decrypt_private_blob("resource:cas:private", "secret:other", &envelope).is_err());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn cas_remove_deletes_blob_file() {
         let dir = tempfile::tempdir().expect("tempdir");

crates/geth-cli/src/lib.rs

@@ -245,11 +245,21 @@ pub enum CasCommand {
     Add {
         path: PathBuf,
     },
+    AddPrivate {
+        resource: String,
+        path: PathBuf,
+    },
     Get {
         hash: String,
         #[arg(long)]
         out: PathBuf,
     },
+    GetPrivate {
+        resource: String,
+        hash: String,
+        #[arg(long)]
+        out: PathBuf,
+    },
     Fetch {
         node: String,
         hash: String,
@@ -805,10 +815,22 @@ fn request_for_command(command: Command) -> Result<ControlRequest> {
         },
         Command::Cas { command } => match command {
             CasCommand::Add { path } => ControlRequest::CasAdd { path },
+            CasCommand::AddPrivate { resource, path } => {
+                ControlRequest::CasAddPrivate { resource, path }
+            }
             CasCommand::Get { hash, out } => ControlRequest::CasGet {
                 hash: hash.into(),
                 out,
             },
+            CasCommand::GetPrivate {
+                resource,
+                hash,
+                out,
+            } => ControlRequest::CasGetPrivate {
+                resource,
+                hash: hash.into(),
+                out,
+            },
             CasCommand::Fetch {
                 node,
                 hash,
@@ -1299,6 +1321,21 @@ fn print_response(response: ControlResponse, json: bool) -> Result<()> {
         ControlResponse::CasAdded { hash, size_bytes } => {
             println!("{hash} {size_bytes} bytes");
         }
+        ControlResponse::CasPrivateAdded {
+            resource,
+            epoch,
+            plaintext_hash,
+            encrypted_hash,
+            size_bytes,
+            note,
+        } => {
+            println!("encrypted_hash: {encrypted_hash}");
+            println!("plaintext_hash: {plaintext_hash}");
+            println!("resource: {resource}");
+            println!("epoch: {epoch}");
+            println!("size_bytes: {size_bytes}");
+            println!("note: {note}");
+        }
         ControlResponse::CasGot {
             hash,
             out,
@@ -1306,6 +1343,21 @@ fn print_response(response: ControlResponse, json: bool) -> Result<()> {
         } => {
             println!("wrote {hash} to {} ({size_bytes} bytes)", out.display());
         }
+        ControlResponse::CasPrivateGot {
+            resource,
+            hash,
+            plaintext_hash,
+            out,
+            size_bytes,
+            note,
+        } => {
+            println!(
+                "decrypted {hash} for {resource} to {} ({size_bytes} bytes)",
+                out.display()
+            );
+            println!("plaintext_hash: {plaintext_hash}");
+            println!("note: {note}");
+        }
         ControlResponse::CasFetched {
             peer_node_id,
             peer_agent_id,

crates/geth-control/src/lib.rs

@@ -45,10 +45,19 @@ pub enum ControlRequest {
     CasAdd {
         path: PathBuf,
     },
+    CasAddPrivate {
+        resource: String,
+        path: PathBuf,
+    },
     CasGet {
         hash: BlobHash,
         out: PathBuf,
     },
+    CasGetPrivate {
+        resource: String,
+        hash: BlobHash,
+        out: PathBuf,
+    },
     CasFetch {
         node: String,
         hash: BlobHash,
@@ -386,11 +395,27 @@ pub enum ControlResponse {
         hash: BlobHash,
         size_bytes: u64,
     },
+    CasPrivateAdded {
+        resource: String,
+        epoch: u64,
+        plaintext_hash: BlobHash,
+        encrypted_hash: BlobHash,
+        size_bytes: u64,
+        note: String,
+    },
     CasGot {
         hash: BlobHash,
         out: PathBuf,
         size_bytes: u64,
     },
+    CasPrivateGot {
+        resource: String,
+        hash: BlobHash,
+        plaintext_hash: BlobHash,
+        out: PathBuf,
+        size_bytes: u64,
+        note: String,
+    },
     CasFetched {
         peer_node_id: String,
         peer_agent_id: String,

crates/geth-node/src/lib.rs

@@ -4509,6 +4509,48 @@ pub fn handle_request(
                 size_bytes: info.size_bytes,
             })
         }
+        ControlRequest::CasAddPrivate { resource, path } => {
+            ensure_resource_exists(&store, &resource)?;
+            let secret = store.latest_resource_secret(&resource)?.ok_or_else(|| {
+                NodeError::IrohPeer(format!(
+                    "resource {resource} has no active resource secret; run geth secret create {resource}"
+                ))
+            })?;
+            let plaintext = std::fs::read(&path)?;
+            let plaintext_hash = geth_cas::hash_bytes(&plaintext);
+            let nonce = geth_crypto::blake3_hex(
+                format!(
+                    "{}\0{}\0{}\0{}",
+                    resource,
+                    secret.secret_id,
+                    secret.epoch,
+                    geth_store::now_ms()
+                )
+                .as_bytes(),
+            );
+            let encrypted = geth_cas::encrypt_private_blob(
+                &resource,
+                &secret.secret_id,
+                secret.epoch,
+                &nonce,
+                &plaintext,
+            )?;
+            let cas = LocalCas::new(node.paths.cas_dir());
+            let info = cas.add_bytes(&encrypted)?;
+            store.record_cas_object(
+                info.hash.as_str(),
+                info.size_bytes,
+                &info.path.to_string_lossy(),
+            )?;
+            Ok(ControlResponse::CasPrivateAdded {
+                resource,
+                epoch: secret.epoch,
+                plaintext_hash,
+                encrypted_hash: info.hash,
+                size_bytes: info.size_bytes,
+                note: "stored prototype encrypted private blob envelope; no forward secrecy or post-compromise security is claimed".to_owned(),
+            })
+        }
         ControlRequest::CasGet { hash, out } => {
             let cas = LocalCas::new(node.paths.cas_dir());
             let size_bytes = cas.get_to_path(&hash, &out)?;
@@ -4518,6 +4560,51 @@ pub fn handle_request(
                 size_bytes,
             })
         }
+        ControlRequest::CasGetPrivate {
+            resource,
+            hash,
+            out,
+        } => {
+            ensure_resource_exists(&store, &resource)?;
+            let cas = LocalCas::new(node.paths.cas_dir());
+            let encrypted = cas.read_bytes(&hash)?;
+            let secrets = store
+                .list_resource_secrets()?
+                .into_iter()
+                .filter(|secret| secret.resource_id == resource)
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+            if secrets.is_empty() {
+                return Err(NodeError::IrohPeer(format!(
+                    "resource {resource} has no resource secrets; cannot decrypt private blob"
+                )));
+            }
+            let mut plaintext = None;
+            for secret in secrets {
+                if let Ok(bytes) =
+                    geth_cas::decrypt_private_blob(&resource, &secret.secret_id, &encrypted)
+                {
+                    plaintext = Some(bytes);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            let plaintext = plaintext.ok_or_else(|| {
+                NodeError::IrohPeer(format!(
+                    "no local resource secret epoch could decrypt private blob {hash}"
+                ))
+            })?;
+            if let Some(parent) = out.parent() {
+                std::fs::create_dir_all(parent)?;
+            }
+            std::fs::write(&out, &plaintext)?;
+            Ok(ControlResponse::CasPrivateGot {
+                resource,
+                hash,
+                plaintext_hash: geth_cas::hash_bytes(&plaintext),
+                out,
+                size_bytes: plaintext.len() as u64,
+                note: "decrypted prototype private blob envelope with the latest local resource secret epoch".to_owned(),
+            })
+        }
         ControlRequest::CasHash { path } => Ok(ControlResponse::CasHash {
             hash: hash_path(&path)?,
         }),

crates/geth/tests/bootstrap.rs

@@ -269,6 +269,71 @@ fn initialized_node_can_roundtrip_cas_blob() {
     );
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn private_cas_blob_uses_resource_secret_epoch() {
+    let home = tempfile::tempdir().expect("tempdir");
+    let paths = geth_config::GethPaths::from_home(home.path());
+    let node = geth_node::init_node(&paths).expect("init node");
+    let resource = "resource:cas:local".to_owned();
+    geth_node::handle_request(
+        &node,
+        geth_control::ControlRequest::SecretCreate {
+            resource: resource.clone(),
+        },
+    )
+    .expect("create resource secret");
+    let input = home.path().join("private.txt");
+    std::fs::write(&input, b"private blob bytes").expect("write private input");
+
+    let added = geth_node::handle_request(
+        &node,
+        geth_control::ControlRequest::CasAddPrivate {
+            resource: resource.clone(),
+            path: input,
+        },
+    )
+    .expect("add private blob");
+    let encrypted_hash = match added {
+        geth_control::ControlResponse::CasPrivateAdded {
+            encrypted_hash,
+            plaintext_hash,
+            epoch,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            assert_eq!(epoch, 1);
+            assert_eq!(plaintext_hash, geth_cas::hash_bytes(b"private blob bytes"));
+            encrypted_hash
+        }
+        other => panic!("unexpected private add response: {other:?}"),
+    };
+
+    let out = home.path().join("private-out.txt");
+    let got = geth_node::handle_request(
+        &node,
+        geth_control::ControlRequest::CasGetPrivate {
+            resource,
+            hash: encrypted_hash,
+            out: out.clone(),
+        },
+    )
+    .expect("get private blob");
+    match got {
+        geth_control::ControlResponse::CasPrivateGot {
+            plaintext_hash,
+            size_bytes,
+            ..
+        } => {
+            assert_eq!(plaintext_hash, geth_cas::hash_bytes(b"private blob bytes"));
+            assert_eq!(size_bytes, b"private blob bytes".len() as u64);
+        }
+        other => panic!("unexpected private get response: {other:?}"),
+    }
+    assert_eq!(
+        std::fs::read(out).expect("read private out"),
+        b"private blob bytes"
+    );
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn cas_pin_unpin_updates_local_pin_metadata() {
     let home = tempfile::tempdir().expect("tempdir");

docs/roadmap.md

@@ -306,11 +306,16 @@ authorization and durable-state boundaries clear.
   - `[x]` Unpinned cached blobs can be evicted by policy.
   - `[x]` Tests cover attempted eviction of pinned data.
 
-- `[ ]` Encrypted private blobs.
+- `[x]` Encrypted private blobs.
   Acceptance criteria:
-  - Private blob payloads are encrypted before network distribution.
+  - `[x]` `geth cas add-private <resource> <path>` stores an encrypted CAS
-  - Access is gated by resource secret epoch material.
+    envelope instead of plaintext payload bytes.
-  - Docs explicitly avoid claiming forward secrecy or PCS.
+  - `[x]` `geth cas get-private <resource> <hash> --out <path>` decrypts with
+    a matching local resource secret epoch.
+  - `[x]` Access is gated by local resource secret epoch material.
+  - `[x]` Tests verify encrypted blob roundtrip and wrong resource/secret
+    rejection.
+  - `[x]` Docs explicitly avoid claiming forward secrecy or PCS.
 
 - `[~]` Iroh-docs KV integration.
   Acceptance criteria: